Andic Haplocryod landscape
northern Idaho

Volcanic ash overlies glacial deposits throughout much of the Selkirk Mountains of northern Idaho. Andisols are found at the lower elevations while Spodosols are dominant at higher elevations. In this area, Spodosols are associated with subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) forest communities, where podzolization (the redistribution of Al/Fe-humus complexes) has been most extensive.