University of Idaho College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Plant, Soil & Entomological Sciences Soil & Land Resources
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Andisols

(Photo from the Idaho Soils Atlas)
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example 7

ashy over sandy-skeletal, aniso, glassy over isotic, frigid Typic Vitrixerand
(Bonner series)

This soil profile has formed in 2 parent materials and is typical of the many of the Andisols of northern Idaho, eastern Washington, and western Montana. The upper 35 to 60 cm of the profile contains as much as 60% volcanic ash, the majority of which came from the eruption of
Mt. Mazama (now Crater Lake) in southwestern Oregon approximately 7,700 years ago. The lower portion of the profile is formed in glacial outwash materials from glacial Lake Missoula outburst flooding which occured during the Pleistocene Epoch. In WRB, this soil is classified as a Vitric Andosol.

For more information on the Bonner series,
click here.

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  Examples:
1. Hydrudand landscape
Hawaii
2. Acrudoxic Hydrudand
3. Melanudand landscape
Costa Rica
4. Melanudand
Costa Rica
5. Vitrixerand landscape
northern Idaho
6. Volcanic ash
Mt. Mazama Oregon
7. Typic Vitrixerand
northern Idaho
8. eroded Cryand landscape
Iceland
9. Cryand
Iceland
If you have any comments, suggestions, or questions about the 12 Soil Orders web site,
please contact
Dr. Paul McDaniel  at the Soil Science Division,
University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2339.